Have
you learned behaviors or skills from observing others? Maybe you have learned
from observing a teacher, friend, or supervisor. We acquire new knowledge and
skills from a variety of methods.
Social
cognitive learning theory focus on learning which occurs within a social
context. Models play a critical role in the learning
process.
Within
a social context learners observe new behaviors and skills from a model. They
may internalize or demonstrate these skills or sometimes not. Social
cognitivists also believe people and their behavior become self-regulated.
Observers form expectations about reinforcements and punishments based on what
they observe happening to a model.
Types of models
1. Live models: individuals whose behavior is
observable in real life. Eg: teachers , peers and supervisors
2. Symbolic model: real or fictional characters that
influence an observer’s behavior. This type of model can be real or fictional
creatures that influence an observer’s behavior.
Researchers’ do not indicate which type of model is the best. As
long as the model possesses certain characteristic to make them effective.
Characteristics of
a model
·
Competent: people will try to imitate behavior of
models who do something well, not poorly.
·
Prestige and power: these are qualities the observers
look for. Eg: world figures
·
More effective if they are engage in relevant and
gender appropriate behaviors
·
The behavior being modeled should be relevant to the
learner’s situations. Students are more likely to learn or adapt new behaviors
they believe will help them in their own circumstances.
Assumptions
·
People learn by observing others
·
Internal process that may or may not lead to a
behavior
·
Goal-directed behavior.
·
Behavior eventually becomes self-regulated
·
Reinforcement and punishment have indirect effect on
learning
Reference
What you mean when you said 'They may internalize or demonstrate these skills or sometimes not' ??
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